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Last modified: December 2006

URL: http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao3.4/xs.html
Hardcopy (PDF): A4 | Letter
AHELP for CIAO 3.4 xs Context: sherpa

Synopsis

XSpec model functions.

Description

Sherpa includes the "additive" and "multiplicative" models of XSpec version 11.3. To use these models, simply prefix the original XSpec name by "xs"; for example, the name xsphabs represents the XSpec phabs model. To define a composite XSpec model such as

phabs * apec

do the following:

sherpa> xsphabs[abs1]
sherpa> xsapec[gas1]
sherpa> source 1 = abs1 * gas1

(Of course, one can use names other than "abs1" and "gas1" to represent these model components.)

Note that XSPEC models are always integrated over a bin and so require binned data.

Important Note:

XSpec models based on physical processes (e.g. line models such as raymond or absorption models such as wabs) assume that the dataspace is defined in keV. On the other hand Sherpa models are always calculated based on the input data scale. Thus when XSpec models are combined with Sherpa models, the user should be careful to ensure that both components have the same dataspace units; otherwise, calculated model amplitudes may be incorrect.

These models also expect that the x-values will always be energy bins. When the analysis setting is using non-energy bins (e.g., ANALYSIS WAVE) and an XSPEC model is defined, Sherpa converts the bins to energy before sending them to the XSPEC model. After the XSPEC model finishes, Sherpa converts back to the original units. Sherpa also scales the model values appropriately (e.g., if counts/keV came out of the XSPEC model, and Sherpa is working with wavelength bins, then Sherpa scales the output of the XSPEC model to counts/Angstrom).

Unavailable XSPEC Models and Commands

The following XSPEC components are NOT included in CIAO 3.2:

  • the bkn2pow (three-segment broken power law) and kerrd (optically thick extreme-Kerr disk) models
  • the xset command: this means that users cannot currently modify certain XSPEC internal switches.
  • the atable, etable, and mtable models

Available XSPEC Models

The available XSpec models are listed below. Please see either the ahelp page for each model (e.g. "ahelp xsabsori") or the XSpec User's Guide for more information about each of these models. Note that the ahelp files describe the version of the XSpec model included in CIAO, while the XSpec User's Guide may reference a newer version with different options.

<xspecname> Description
absori Ionized absorber
acisabs Decay in the ACIS quantum efficiency
apec APEC thermal plasma model
bapec APEC thermal plasma model with velocity broadening as a free parameter
bbody Blackbody spectrum
bbodyrad Blackbody spectrum with norm proportional to surface area
bexrav E-folded broken power law reflected from neutral matter
bexriv E-folded broken power law reflected from ionized matter
bknpower Broken power law
bmc Comptonization by relativistically moving matter
bremss Thermal bremsstrahlung
bvapec APEC thermal plasma model with variable abundances and velocity broadening as a free parameter
c6mekl 6th-order Chebyshev polynomial DEM using mekal
c6pmekl Exponential of 6th-order Chebyshev polynomial DEM using mekal
c6pvmkl Variable abundance version of c6pmekl
c6vmekl Variable abundance version of c6mekl
cabs Compton scattering (non-relativistic)
cemekl Multi-temperature mekal
cevmkl Multi-temperature vmeka
cflow Cooling flow model
compbb Comptonized blackbody spectrum after Nishimura et al. (1986)
compls Comptonization spectrum after Lamb and Sanford (1979)
compst Comptonization spectrum after Sunyaev and Titarchuk (1980)
comptt Comptonization spectrum after Titarchuk (1994)
constant Energy-independent multiplicative factor
cutoffpl Power law with high energy exponential cutoff
cyclabs Cyclotron absorption line
disk Disk model
diskbb Multiple blackbody disk model
diskline Line emission from relativistic accretion disk
diskm Disk model with gas pressure viscosity
disko Modified blackbody disk model
diskpn Accretion disk around a black hole
dust Dust scattering out of the beam
edge Absorption edge
equil Equilibrium ionization collisional plasma model from Borkowski
expabs Low-energy exponential cutoff
expdec Exponential decay
expfac Exponential factor
gabs Multiplicative gaussian absorption line
gaussian Simple gaussian line profile
gnei Generalized single ionization NEI plasma model
grad GR accretion disk around a black hole
grbm Gamma-ray burst model
highecut High energy cutoff
hrefl Simple reflection model good up to 15 keV
laor Line from accretion disk around a black hole
lorentz Lorentzian line profile
meka Mewe-Gronenschild-Kaastra thermal plasma (1992)
mekal Mewe-Kaastra-Liedahl thermal plasma (1995)
mkcflow Cooling flow model based on mekal
nei Simple nonequilibrium ionization plasma model
notch Notch line absorption
npshock Plane-parallel shock with ion and electron temperatures
nsa Spectra in the X-ray range (0.05-10 keV) emitted from a hydrogen atmosphere of a neutron star.
nteea Pair plasma model
pcfabs Partial covering fraction absorption
pegpwrlw Power law with pegged normalization
pexrav Exponentially cutoff power law reflected from neutral matter
pexriv Exponentially cutoff power law reflected from ionized matter
phabs Photo-electric absorption
plabs Absorption model with power law dependence on energy
plcabs Cutoff power law observed through dense, cold matter
posm Positronium continuum
powerlaw Simple photon power law
pshock Constant temperature, plane-parallel shock plasma model
pwab Extension of partial covering fraction absorption into a power-law distribution of covering fraction
raymond Raymond-Smith thermal plasma
redden IR/optical/UV extinction from Cardelli et al. (1989)
redge Recombination edge
refsch E-folded power law reflected from an ionized relativistic disk
sedov Sedov model with electron and ion temperatures
smedge Smoothed absorption edge
spline Spline multiplicative factor
srcut Synchrotron radiation from cutoff electron distribution
sresc Synchrotron radiation from escape-limited electron distribution
SSS_ice Einstein Observatory SSS ice absorption
step Step function convolved with gaussian
TBabs Calculates the absorption of X-rays by the ISM
TBgrain Calculates the absorption of X-rays by the ISM with variable hydrogen to H2 ratio and grain parameters
TBvarabs Calculates the absorption of X-rays by the ISM, allowing user to vary all abundances, depletion factors, and grain properties
uvred UV reddening
vapec APEC thermal plasma model with variable abundances
varabs Photoelectric absorption with variable abundances
vbremss Thermal bremsstrahlung spectrum with variable H/He
vequil Ionization equilibrium collisional plasma model with variable abundances
vgnei Non-equilibrium ionization collisional plasma model with variable abundances
vmcflow Cooling flow model based on vmekal
vmeka M-G-K thermal plasma with variable abundances
vmekal M-K-L thermal plasma with variable abundances
vnei Non-equilibrium ionization collisional plasma model with variable abundances
vnpshock Plane-parallel shock plasma model with separate ion and electron temperatures and variable abundances
vphabs Photoelectric absorption with variable abundances
vpshock Constant temperature, plane-parallel shock plasma model with variable abundances
vraymond Raymond-Smith thermal plasma with variable abundances
vsedov Sedov model with separate ion and electron temperatures and variable abundances
wabs Photoelectric absorption (Morrison and McCammon)
wndabs Photoelectric absorption with low energy window
xion Reflected spectra of a photo-ionized accretion disk or ring
zbbody Redshifted blackbody
zbremss Redshifted thermal bremsstrahlung
zedge Redshifted absorption edge
zgauss Redshifted gaussian
zhighect Redshifted high energy cutoff
zpcfabs Redshifted partial covering absorption
zphabs Redshifted photoelectric absorption
zpowerlw Redshifted power law
zTBabs Calculates the absorption of X-rays by the ISM for modeling redshifted absorption. Does not include a dust component.
zvarabs Redshifted photoelectric absorption with variable abundances
zvfeabs Redshifted absorption with variable iron abundance
zvphabs Redshifted photoelectric absorption with variable abundances
zwabs Redshifted ``Wisconsin absorption''
zwndabs Redshifted photoelectric absorption with low energy window

Bugs

For a list of known bugs and issues with the XSpec models, please visit the XSPEC bugs page. Version 11.3.1 of the XSpec models is supplied with CIAO 3.2.

See Also

sherpa
atten, bbody, bbodyfreq, beta1d, beta2d, box1d, box2d, bpl1d, const1d, const2d, cos, delta1d, delta2d, dered, devaucouleurs, edge, erf, erfc, farf, farf2d, fpsf, fpsf1d, frmf, gauss1d, gauss2d, gridmodel, hubble, jdpileup, linebroad, lorentz1d, lorentz2d, models, nbeta, ngauss1d, poisson, polynom1d, polynom2d, powlaw1d, ptsrc1d, ptsrc2d, rsp, rsp2d, schechter, shexp, shexp10, shlog10, shloge, sin, sqrt, stephi1d, steplo1d, tan, tpsf, tpsf1d, usermodel, xsabsori, xsacisabs, xsapec, xsbapec, xsbbody, xsbbodyrad, xsbexrav, xsbexriv, xsbknpower, xsbmc, xsbremss, xsbvapec, xsc6mekl, xsc6pmekl, xsc6pvmkl, xsc6vmekl, xscabs, xscemekl, xscevmkl, xscflow, xscompbb, xscompls, xscompst, xscomptt, xsconstant, xscutoffpl, xscyclabs, xsdisk, xsdiskbb, xsdiskline, xsdiskm, xsdisko, xsdiskpn, xsdust, xsedge, xsequil, xsexpabs, xsexpdec, xsexpfac, xsgabs, xsgaussian, xsgnei, xsgrad, xsgrbm, xshighecut, xshrefl, xslaor, xslorentz, xsmeka, xsmekal, xsmkcflow, xsnei, xsnotch, xsnpshock, xsnsa, xsnteea, xspcfabs, xspegpwrlw, xspexrav, xspexriv, xsphabs, xsplabs, xsplcabs, xsposm, xspowerlaw, xspshock, xspwab, xsraymond, xsredden, xsredge, xsrefsch, xssedov, xssmedge, xsspline, xssrcut, xssresc, xssssice, xsstep, xstbabs, xstbgrain, xstbvarabs, xsuvred, xsvapec, xsvarabs, xsvbremss, xsvequil, xsvgnei, xsvmcflow, xsvmeka, xsvmekal, xsvnei, xsvnpshock, xsvphabs, xsvpshock, xsvraymond, xsvsedov, xswabs, xswndabs, xsxion, xszbbody, xszbremss, xszedge, xszgauss, xszhighect, xszpcfabs, xszphabs, xszpowerlw, xsztbabs, xszvarabs, xszvfeabs, xszvphabs, xszwabs, xszwndabs
slang
usermodel
Hardcopy (PDF): A4 | Letter
Last modified: December 2006



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